وظائف رقمية

ROUND(price, 2)     -- arrotonda a 2 decimali (banker's rounding "half to even")
CEIL(price)         -- arrotonda per eccesso (verso +∞)
FLOOR(price)        -- arrotonda per difetto (verso −∞)
ABS(-5)             -- 5  (valore assoluto)
MOD(10, 3)          -- 1  (resto della divisione)  — anche 10 % 3
POWER(2, 10)        -- 1024
SQRT(16)            -- 4

SELECT 1 / 2;          -- 0  (entrambi interi → divisione intera!)
SELECT 1.0 / 2;        -- 0.5
SELECT 1::numeric / 2; -- 0.50000000000000000000

-- Sbagliato: percentuale sempre 0 finché numeratore < denominatore
SELECT shipped / total FROM …;

-- Corretto:
SELECT shipped::numeric / total FROM …;
SELECT ROUND(shipped * 100.0 / total, 2) AS percentage FROM …;

-- Prezzo scontato del 10%, arrotondato a 2 decimali:
SELECT name,
       price,
       ROUND(price * 0.9, 2) AS discounted_price
FROM   products
ORDER BY id;

-- Prezzo "psicologico" sempre arrotondato per eccesso al multiplo di 1:
SELECT name, CEIL(price) AS rounded_price
FROM   products
WHERE  price < 100
ORDER BY price;