إنشاء الجداول والقيود: DDL

CREATE TABLE nome_tabella (
  colonna  TIPO  [vincoli_colonna],
  …,
  [vincoli_tabella]
);

CREATE TABLE wishlists (
  id           SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  customer_id  INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES customers(id),
  product_id   INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES products(id),
  added_on     DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_DATE,
  note         TEXT,
  UNIQUE (customer_id, product_id)
);

PRIMARY KEY                         -- identifica univocamente la riga, non NULL
NOT NULL                            -- vieta NULL
UNIQUE                              -- vieta duplicati su questa colonna
REFERENCES tabella(colonna)         -- foreign key
CHECK (espressione_booleana)        -- es. CHECK (price > 0)
DEFAULT espressione                 -- valore di default se non fornito

UNIQUE (customer_id, product_id)   -- niente coppia (cliente, prodotto) duplicata

CREATE TABLE stock_alerts (
  product_id   INTEGER PRIMARY KEY REFERENCES products(id),
  threshold    INTEGER NOT NULL CHECK (threshold >= 0),
  notify_email TEXT    NOT NULL,
  active       BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT true
);

DROP TABLE wishlists;                                 -- elimina la tabella (e i dati!)
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS wishlists;                       -- senza errore se non esiste
ALTER TABLE customers ADD COLUMN newsletter BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false;
ALTER TABLE customers DROP COLUMN newsletter;